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Myopathy, which clinically shows muscular pain (myalgia), weakness, cramps, stiffness and spasm, is one of neuromuscular disorders due to inflammation and/or dysfunction of muscle fibers. “Myositis”, which is a general term for inflammation of the muscle, is pathologically an inflammatory myopathy seen seen mainly in autoimmune disorders including dermatomyositis (DM). The myopathy is classifie...

1 T he prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing at a rapid rate. 1 Currently, ≈1 in 13 people living in the United States has DM, and 90% to 95% of these individuals have type 2 DM (T2DM). 2 Overall, the prevalence of T2DM is similar in women and men. In the United States, ≈12.6 million women (10.8%) and 13 million men (11.8%) ≥20 years of age are currently estimated to have T2DM. 2 A...

Social unrest in China Table 1 Incidents of Social Unrest in China 1993 8,70

OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were to investigate whether reduced lung function is associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) and diabetes (DM) in American Indians (AIs) and to determine whether lower pulmonary function presents before the development of DM or MS. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Strong Heart Study (SHS) is a multicenter, prospective study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) a...

The types of HT seen in DM are listed in Table 1. HT in IDDM is closely related to nephropathy. The earliest ,manifestation of the letter is in the form of microalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria is absent in the first 5-10 years, increases by 15-40% annually and overt nephropathy was noted in the past after 9-12 years of diabetes. However, presently it is on the decline. HT in IDDM preceeds or para...

Approximately 50% of patients with diabetes (DM) will eventually develop neuropathy. Large-scale studies have demonstrated that the regulation of blood glucose levels aids in the prevention and progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), but glycemic control does not impact established neuropathy or its severity (1). Causative factors also include microvascular insufficiency, defective...

RESEARCHDESIGNANDMETHODSdThe Strong Heart study (SHS) is a multicenter, prospective study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors among AI adults. The present analysis used lung function assessment by standard spirometry at the SHS second examination (1993 to 1995) in 2,396 adults free of overt lung disease or CVD, with or without DM or MS. Among MS-free/DM-free participants, the d...